{"id":6085,"date":"2022-01-26T09:26:58","date_gmt":"2022-01-26T19:26:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/?p=6085"},"modified":"2022-01-26T09:27:14","modified_gmt":"2022-01-26T19:27:14","slug":"canada-decouverte-dune-nouvelle-espece-de-baleine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/?p=6085","title":{"rendered":"Canada : D\u00e9couverte d&rsquo;une nouvelle esp\u00e8ce de baleine"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Nos amis canadiens nous apprennent la d\u00e9couverte d&rsquo;une nouvelle esp\u00e8ce de baleine, gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des analyses g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques de squelette. Ces recherches men\u00e9es par la chercheur Emma Carroll ont permis d&rsquo;identifier cette esp\u00e8ce de baleine \u00e0 bec appel\u00e9e \u00ab\u00a0baleine \u00e0 bec de Ramari\u00a0\u00bb. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Capture-decran-2021-12-07-a-04.34.00.png\" rel=\"lightbox[6085]\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"462\" src=\"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Capture-decran-2021-12-07-a-04.34.00-1024x462.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6086\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Capture-decran-2021-12-07-a-04.34.00-1024x462.png 1024w, http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Capture-decran-2021-12-07-a-04.34.00-300x135.png 300w, http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Capture-decran-2021-12-07-a-04.34.00-768x346.png 768w, http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Capture-decran-2021-12-07-a-04.34.00.png 1109w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption>\u00a9 Roland Edier ; Source Wikipedia Commons.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>L&rsquo;esp\u00e8ce de baleine \u00e0 bec connue (<em>Mesoplodon mirus<\/em>), se compose de 2 grandes populations s\u00e9par\u00e9es par des milliers de kilom\u00e8tres. Cette distance entre ces deux populations a interrog\u00e9 l&rsquo;\u00e9quipe de scientifiques sur les interactions possibles entre elles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Capture-decran-2021-12-07-a-04.33.17.png\" rel=\"lightbox[6085]\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"774\" height=\"636\" src=\"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Capture-decran-2021-12-07-a-04.33.17.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6088\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Capture-decran-2021-12-07-a-04.33.17.png 774w, http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Capture-decran-2021-12-07-a-04.33.17-300x247.png 300w, http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Capture-decran-2021-12-07-a-04.33.17-768x631.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 774px) 100vw, 774px\" \/><\/a><figcaption>\u00a9 Vivian Ward, Source Carroll <em>et al.<\/em> 2021. <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00ab\u00a0Emma L. Carroll et ses coll\u00e8gues ont compar\u00e9 les caract\u00e9ristiques g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques et morphologiques d\u2019individus issus de chaque population. L\u2019analyse de l\u2019ADN mitochondrial, le s\u00e9quen\u00e7age g\u00e9nomique d\u2019un individu de chaque population et l\u2019analyse\u00a0 et de certaines mutations, combin\u00e9e \u00e0 la comparaison des dimensions des cr\u00e2nes des sp\u00e9cimens, a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 la pr\u00e9sence d\u2019une grande diff\u00e9rence entre les baleines issues de l\u2019Atlantique Nord et leurs cong\u00e9n\u00e8res du sud. Les \u00e9carts constat\u00e9s, notent les chercheurs, sont si prononc\u00e9s que les deux populations devraient plut\u00f4t \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9es comme \u00e9tant deux esp\u00e8ces distinctes partageant un anc\u00eatre commun direct. La divergence entre elles aurait d\u00e9but\u00e9 il y a environ 2 millions d\u2019ann\u00e9es lorsque certains individus se seraient d\u00e9plac\u00e9s vers le sud suite \u00e0 un refroidissement oc\u00e9anique. Il y aurait par la suite eu un arr\u00eat total d\u2019\u00e9changes g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques entre les deux groupes il y a environ 350\u2009000\u00a0ans.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Capture-decran-2021-12-07-a-04.33.43.png\" rel=\"lightbox[6085]\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"556\" height=\"399\" src=\"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Capture-decran-2021-12-07-a-04.33.43.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6087\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Capture-decran-2021-12-07-a-04.33.43.png 556w, http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Capture-decran-2021-12-07-a-04.33.43-300x215.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 556px) 100vw, 556px\" \/><\/a><figcaption>\u00a9 Wikipedia Commons<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Le nom \u00ab\u00a0baleine \u00e0 bec de Ramari\u00a0\u00bb (<em>Mesoplodon eueu<\/em>) est alors donn\u00e9 en l\u2019honneur de la chercheuse maori Ramari Stewart.\u00a0Cette derni\u00e8re est bien connue en Nouvelle-Z\u00e9lande pour ses travaux sur les c\u00e9tac\u00e9s, mais aussi pour sa contribution \u00e0 la conservation de la culture maori et \u00e0 l\u2019inclusion des connaissances traditionnelles au sein d\u2019\u00e9tudes scientifiques. Le nom de l\u2019esp\u00e8ce,\u00a0<em>eueu<\/em>\u00a0vient quant \u00e0 lui du mot Khwe \/\/eu\/\/\u2019eu, signifiant \u00ab\u00a0gros poisson\u00a0\u00bb, qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 sugg\u00e9r\u00e9 par le\u00a0<em>Khoisan Council of South Africa<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Article complet : <a href=\"https:\/\/baleinesendirect.org\/decouverte-dune-nouvelle-espece-de-baleine\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/baleinesendirect.org\/decouverte-dune-nouvelle-espece-de-baleine\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-heading\" id=\"en-savoir-plus\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:500\">En savoir plus<br><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/10.1098\/rspb.2021.1213\" target=\"_blank\">(2021) Carroll E.L. et al., Speciation in the deep: genomics and morphology reveal a new species of beaked whale Mesoplodon eueu. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 1961(288): 20211213.<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nos amis canadiens nous apprennent la d\u00e9couverte d&rsquo;une nouvelle esp\u00e8ce de baleine, gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des analyses g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques de squelette. Ces recherches men\u00e9es par la chercheur Emma Carroll ont permis d&rsquo;identifier cette esp\u00e8ce de baleine \u00e0 bec appel\u00e9e \u00ab\u00a0baleine \u00e0 bec de Ramari\u00a0\u00bb. L&rsquo;esp\u00e8ce de baleine \u00e0 bec connue (Mesoplodon mirus), se compose de 2 grandes &hellip; <\/p>\n<p><a class=\"more-link block-button\" href=\"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/?p=6085\">Continuer \u00e0 lire\u00a0\u00bb<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":6086,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[8,23],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6085"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6085"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6085\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6089,"href":"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6085\/revisions\/6089"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/6086"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6085"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6085"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6085"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}