{"id":3587,"date":"2018-03-27T14:19:54","date_gmt":"2018-03-28T00:19:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/?p=3587"},"modified":"2018-04-23T21:06:17","modified_gmt":"2018-04-24T07:06:17","slug":"inventaire-des-echouages-recenses-en-polynesie-francaise","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/?p=3587","title":{"rendered":"Inventaire des \u00e9chouages recens\u00e9s en Polyn\u00e9sie fran\u00e7aise"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #003366; font-size: 12pt;\"><strong>La Direction de l&rsquo;Environnement a confi\u00e9 la gestion du R\u00e9seau Local d&rsquo;Echouages \u00e0 Mata Tohora. Dans ce cadre, voici un historique et un inventaire des \u00e9chouages recens\u00e9s en Polyn\u00e9sie fran\u00e7aise.\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Des donn\u00e9es ont pu \u00eatre r\u00e9cup\u00e9r\u00e9es jusqu\u2019\u00e0 1960. Ainsi <strong>de 1960 \u00e0 2017, 73 \u00e9chouages<\/strong> ont \u00e9t\u00e9 recens\u00e9s dans l\u2019ensemble de la Polyn\u00e9sie fran\u00e7aise. 92 % des \u00e9chouages sont individuels.\u00a0Cette liste n&rsquo;est bien s\u00fbr pas exhaustive mais refl\u00e8te les informations fournies depuis 1960 \u00e0 2017. <em>Ces donn\u00e9es sont la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 de la Direction de l&rsquo;Environnement, les analyses graphiques appartiennent \u00e0 Mata Tohora et n\u00e9cessitent des autorisations pour \u00eatre utilis\u00e9es. Merci de <a href=\"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/?p=2082\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">nous contacter<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/par-ann\u00e9e.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[3587]\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3596 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/par-ann\u00e9e.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"453\" height=\"257\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/par-ann\u00e9e.jpg 796w, http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/par-ann\u00e9e-300x170.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/par-ann\u00e9e-768x435.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 453px) 100vw, 453px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>O\u00d9\u00a0? <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Tous les archipels de la Polyn\u00e9sie fran\u00e7aise sont concern\u00e9s par les \u00e9chouages des mammif\u00e8res marins. Sur les 118 \u00eeles 21 ont fait l\u2019objet de signalements.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/par-ile.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[3587]\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright wp-image-3600\" src=\"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/par-ile.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"367\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/par-ile.jpg 939w, http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/par-ile-300x184.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/par-ile-768x470.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 367px) 100vw, 367px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Les \u00e9chouages les plus r\u00e9f\u00e9renc\u00e9s sont situ\u00e9s sur \u00eeles de Nuku Hiva (12), Tahiti (10), Hiva Oa (9) et Moorea (7).<\/p>\n<p>Les Tuamotu &#8211; Gambiers indiquent un faible taux. Cela peut s\u2019expliquer par une difficult\u00e9 d\u2019observation des animaux \u00e9chou\u00e9s en raison de la configuration des \u00eeles (r\u00e9cifs \u00e9loign\u00e9s) et le nombre restreint d\u2019habitants (certaines \u00eeles \u00e9tant inhabit\u00e9es) ainsi qu\u2019un manque d\u2019informations pour indiquer les \u00e9chouages, d\u2019o\u00f9 l\u2019importance de ce r\u00e9seau.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/par-archipel.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[3587]\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright wp-image-3597\" src=\"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/par-archipel.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"367\" height=\"206\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/par-archipel.jpg 638w, http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/par-archipel-300x168.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 367px) 100vw, 367px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>A l\u2019inverse, les Marquises indiquent un pourcentage \u00e9lev\u00e9.<br \/>\nEn effet, ces \u00eeles, d\u00e9pourvues de barri\u00e8res r\u00e9cifales recueillent les animaux \u00e9chou\u00e9s sur les plages, ce qui facilite l\u2019observation. De plus, les Marquises sont le Hot Spot des mammif\u00e8res marins de la Polyn\u00e9sie fran\u00e7aise, tant en abondance qu\u2019en diversit\u00e9 sp\u00e9cifique.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>QUELLES ESPECES\u00a0?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/par-esp\u00e8ces.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox[3587]\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3599 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/par-esp\u00e8ces.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"329\" height=\"260\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/par-esp\u00e8ces.jpg 652w, http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/par-esp\u00e8ces-300x237.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 329px) 100vw, 329px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Sur les 23 esp\u00e8ces de c\u00e9tac\u00e9s recens\u00e9es en Polyn\u00e9sie fran\u00e7aise, 11 ont fait l&rsquo;objet d&rsquo;\u00e9chouage. Malgr\u00e9 que les otaries ne soient pas r\u00e9f\u00e9renc\u00e9es en Polyn\u00e9sie 2 \u00e9chouages ont eu lieu aux Australes et 1 aux Gambiers.<\/p>\n<p>3 otaries \u00e0 fourrure (<em>Arctocephalus sp<\/em>) ont \u00e9t\u00e9 recens\u00e9es ainsi que notamment 16 baleines \u00e0 bosse (<em>Megaptera novaeangliae<\/em><em>)<\/em> dont 12 nouveaux-n\u00e9s, 3 orques (<em>Orcinus orca<\/em>), 12 cachalots (<em>Physeter macrocephalus<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>DIFFICULTES<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>L\u2019\u00e9tendue de son vaste territoire et sa faible densit\u00e9 d\u2019habitants, ajout\u00e9es \u00e0 un r\u00e9seau de communication peu op\u00e9rationnel sur l\u2019int\u00e9gralit\u00e9 des sites sont autant de difficult\u00e9s en\u00a0Polyn\u00e9sie fran\u00e7aise pour\u00a0obtenir les signalements.<\/p>\n<p>D\u2019autre part, les informations nous parviennent souvent trop tard ce qui rend impossible les pr\u00e9l\u00e8vements en raison de la d\u00e9composition avanc\u00e9e de la carcasse. S&rsquo;ajoute \u00e9galement la difficult\u00e9 de d\u00e9placements sur les \u00eeles \u00e9loign\u00e9es peu desservies en transport a\u00e9rien.<\/p>\n<p>La communication via la mise en place du\u00a0R\u00e9seau Local d&rsquo;Echouage\u00a0am\u00e9liorera consid\u00e9rablement les transmissions d\u2019informations et les actions \u00e0 mettre en \u0153uvre.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La Direction de l&rsquo;Environnement a confi\u00e9 la gestion du R\u00e9seau Local d&rsquo;Echouages \u00e0 Mata Tohora. Dans ce cadre, voici un historique et un inventaire des \u00e9chouages recens\u00e9s en Polyn\u00e9sie fran\u00e7aise.\u00a0 Des donn\u00e9es ont pu \u00eatre r\u00e9cup\u00e9r\u00e9es jusqu\u2019\u00e0 1960. Ainsi de 1960 \u00e0 2017, 73 \u00e9chouages ont \u00e9t\u00e9 recens\u00e9s dans l\u2019ensemble de la Polyn\u00e9sie fran\u00e7aise. 92 &hellip; <\/p>\n<p><a class=\"more-link block-button\" href=\"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/?p=3587\">Continuer \u00e0 lire\u00a0\u00bb<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3594,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[8,23],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3587"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3587"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3587\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3725,"href":"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3587\/revisions\/3725"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3594"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3587"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3587"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.matatohora.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3587"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}